Phasas Of the moon

Some important questions that Should be able to be answered from the simulation are:

What did you notice about the phases of the moon? Why do we see different parts of the moon each night? What is a lunar month?

I noticed that the angle that the sun is reflecting at and the way the moon is placed creates different shadows of the moon, this is how we have different "types of moons."

The reason that we see different types of moons every night is because the moon is rotated in a different angle, and the moon is still the same the only difference is the shade.

A lunar month is the time that it takes from one new moon to the next, usually 29,5 days

Irradiated food or not?

During class we debated wether radiated food is good or bad. There are many problems in food irradiation some of them are the loss of taste, can cause cancer, sometimes it can be poisiness.

Some pros for irradiation are:

1. Can provent cancer.
2. Grows faster.
3. Helps pregnancy.
4. Stays fresh for long time.

The Cons for irradiation are:

• Leeds to deaseses
• Un-natural.

Noise Pollution

Noise Pollution

Have you ever thought about noise pollution, or noise that can hurt you. Well if you didn’t then you will after I you read this Report. I will tell you how its caused what are its effects and my opinion on it, and conclude the final sentences.

Causes:

There are many different thing that can cause noise pollution, noise pollution is unwanted it can cause problems physically and mentally. It is caused by indoor noises and outdoor noises Noise pollution can cause annoyance and aggression, hypertension, high stress levels, tinnitus, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and other harmful effects. The indoor noises that cause noise pollution are loud house hold objects and loud bands. There are many more outdoor noises then indoor, some of them are transport, bands, yelling, sometimes and workers that build can cause a lot of noise, there are many more different types of noise pollution. But it is important to know that we are not the only people that are affected by noise pollution such as household animals, and the environment. Noise can have a detrimental effect on animals, increasing the risk of death by changing the balance in predator or prey detection and avoidance, and interfering the use of the sounds in communication especially in relation to reproduction and in navigation. Acoustic overexposure can lead to temporary or permanent loss of hearing.

Effects:

There are different effects to noise pollution some of them are high stress levels, tinnitus, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and other harmful effects. Furthermore, stress and hypertension are the leading causes to health problems, whereas tinnitus can lead to forgetfulness, severe depression and at times panic attacks. Noise pollution usually effects older men exposed to significant occupational noise demonstrate significantly reduced hearing sensitivity than their non-exposed peers, though differences in hearing sensitivity decrease at the age 60 (or older)

Conclusion:

My opinion on noise pollution is that it is mostly hurtful toward the health, but sometimes it isn’t bad, it can be (in some situation) that only the seniors can be affected by it. But in a lot of cases it causes harm sometimes even death, because if you can’t hear that’s one of the components in life that you are missing.

Tuning Fork

Tuning forks lab

GUIDING QUESTION/S:
How does density of various solids affect the way the sound waves travel from the tuning fork?

HYPOTHESIS:
Lukas Hypothesis: I believe that the denser solids decrease the speed of a sound wave. There for the various solids will cause the sound to travel slower through the sound fork, because it takes longer for the sound to get to the fork itself.
Brin’s Hypothesis: I believe that the more density an object has decreases the speed at which the sound wave travels in. Different solids will cause sound waves to travel slower through the sound fork because it will take more time for the sound to get to the fork.

Exploration:
Materials:

1. Table
2. Wooden oak door
3. Lockers made of steal
4. board (metal with plastic)
5. Cemeny Floor

Procedure:

1. First You must get 2 tuning forks of different sizes.
2. Then you must git them both against an object.
3. Put the 2 bottom tips onto the material.
4. Then listen and record what you hear.

Data Tables:

Material	Density	observation
Lockers	7.85 g/cm3	Tuning Fork 384 G: Higher pitch and silent. Tuning Fork 384 G Large: Lower Pitch and Loud.
board	2.8 g/cm3	Tuning Fork 384 G: Lower Pitch , Louder Tuning Fork 384 G Large: Higher Pitch, silent
Table	0.75 g/cm3	Tuning Fork 384 G: Higher Pitch, Silent Tuning Fork 384 G Large: Lower pitch, Louder
Wall	3.12 g/cm3	Tuning Fork 384 G: High Pitched, barley heard Tuning Fork 384 G Large: Lower Pitch heard.
Cement floor	3.12 g/cm3	Tuning Fork 384 G: Higher Pitched, Exactly the same Tuning Fork 384 G Large:Higher Pitched, Exactly the same

Brin’s Analysis of Data:
In this lab I figured out that the Higher pitch of the tuning fork is always more silent than the lower pitch. This is proven through my data table, no mater if the fork is larger or smaller the higher pitch is always more silent. Only once was the pitch the same and what I heard was also exactly the same, this was on the cement floor.

Brin’s Conclusion:
I believe that the more density an object has decreases the speed at which the sound wave travels in. Different solids will cause sound waves to travel slower through the sound fork because it will take more time for the sound to get to the fork. This is correct because in my data I saw that the more density the lower pitched it was. The most obvious place I figured this out because the lockers created the most sound.
Luka’s Conclusion:


Brin’s Further Inquiry:
I believe that I could have had more varieties of things I could use to figure out my answers, to verify if the answers are truly correct.


Luka’s Further Inquiry:

Earthquake safety

To Make my house much more earthquake friendly I will have to:

1. reconstruct my whole house because it is made of glass.

2. it would need to tie my things to the wall.

3. if an earthquake was to occur my family would need to go next to the elevator.

4. If we would not have enough time we would need to drop cover and hold.

5. we would also need an emergancy kit that contains water, food and waki tokis (but I

already have that.)

6. After the earthquake we would need to try to regroup.

Brainstormig

BRAINSTORMING

Title: Tsunami

Introduction

· Talk about what you will talk about

· Talk about what a tsunami is.

3 main points/ Body

· Characteristics

· Warnings and Predictions

· How tsunami is made

· Measurments

· List of common tsunamis

Conclusion

· Opinion

· Preventing Tsunamis

· Jeopardised areas

· Concluding sentence

Tsunami report

Tsunamis

Introduction:

Do you know what causes the deaths of about 200,000 people per year! It is a natural hazard called a tsunami! A tsunami is a series of waves, usually created in an ocean or another body of water by an earthquake, landslide, volcanic eruption, or meteorite impact. Tsunamis can also be formed when the surface under the water creates motions, that create earthquakes and all these things that are needed to create an Earthquake. Tsunamis can cause huge destruction and devastation when they hit coastlines. Tsunamis are huge and can travel very quickly, at about 700 km/hr, but they are 30 meters large once they “strike” (usually in open oceans, when the tsunami is beginning it is only 1 meter tall.) Did you know that when a tsunami is outstretched all the way it is 100 km across almost the length of 1000 American football fields! This is the disaster that I will talk about, but I won’t only talk about the usual things I will talk about interesting things, like characteristics of a tsunami, how a tsunami is measured in height strength and width, next I will explain the warnings and predictions, after that I will talk about places that are effected by tsunamis, when that is done I will talk about how tsunamis are created.

Characteristics:

A tsunami in the deep ocean has a wavelength of about 200 km (120 mi). Such a wave travels at well over 800 km per hour (500 mph), but due to the enormous wavelength the wave oscillation at any given point takes 20 or 30 minutes to complete a cycle and has amplitude of only about 1 meter (3.3 ft). This makes tsunamis difficult to detect over deep water. Ships rarely notice their passage. When the tsunami's wave peak reaches the shore, the resulting temporary rise in sea level is termed 'run up'. Run up is measured in meters above a reference sea level. A large tsunami may feature multiple waves arriving over a period of hours, with significant time between the wave crests. The first wave to reach the shore may not have the highest run up. Tsunamis can travel at speeds of up to 400-500 miles per hour. In deep waters (oceans), tsunamis are low and wide, often less than three feet high. There is a difference of 95 miles between the crest of one wave and the next. In shallower waters, tsunamis usually become more deadly. A Tsunami can reach up to heights of 100 feet or more and crash inland. An interesting fact about tsunamis, tsunamis velocity depends on the depth of water through which it travels.

Tsunamis travel approximately 475 mph in 15,000 feet of water. In 100 feet of water the velocity drops to about 40 mph.

Measuring a Tsunami:

Intensity scales

The first scales that were recently used to measure the strength of tsunami were the “Sieberg-Ambraseys” scale, this is mostly used in the Mediterranean Sea and the Imamura-Iida intensity scale, and is used in the Pacific Ocean. The latter scale was modified by “Soloviev”, who calculated the Tsunami intensity according to this formula.

In this formula the Hav is the average wave height along the nearest coast. This scale, that is known as the “Soloviev-Imamura” tsunami intensity/strength scale, this is used in the global tsunami catalogues compiled by the “NGDC” and “NOAA” and the “Novosibirsk Tsunami Laboratory” as the main parameter basically for the size of the tsunami.

Magnitude scales

The first scale that calculated a magnitude for a tsunami, rather than the intensity at a particular location was the ML scale, this was proposed by “Murty & Loomis” based on the potential energy. There were difficulties in calculating the potential energy of the tsunami that is why this scale is rarely used. This “theory” was based on this formula.

In this formula the “h” is the maximum tsunami-wave amplitude (in meters) it is measured by a tide at a distance “R” from the epicenter, “a”, “b” and “d” are constants used to make the Mt scale match as closely as possible with the moment magnitude scale.

Warnings and Predictions:

Drawbacks can serve as a brief warning. People who listen to drawback, can survive only if they immediately run for high ground or seek the upper floors of high buildings. In 2004, a 10 year old girl named Tilly Smith was on Maikhao beach (in Phuket), Thailand with her parents and sister, and having learned about tsunamis recently in school, she told her family that a tsunami might be about to happen. Her parents warned others minutes before the wave arrived, saving a lot of lives. A tsunami cannot be precisely predicted, even if the magnitude and location of an earthquake is known. Geologists, oceanographers (study ocean), and seismologists analyze almost every earthquake, and based on many factors can or cannot issue a tsunami warning. However, there are some warning signs of an uprising of a tsunami, and automatic systems can provide warnings immediately after an earthquake in time to save many lives. One of the most successful systems uses, bottom pressure sensors that are attached to buoys (floating device, in this case with a sensor attached.) The sensors constantly monitor the pressure of the overlying water column. This can be seen in this calculation.

In this calculation the “P” is the pressure in newtons per meter square. Were the “p” is the destiny of the sea water. And “g” is the acceleration due to gravity. Lastly the “h” is the height of the water (in meters.)

Common Places tsunamis hit:

There are lists of places that tsunamis hit/start often:

1. Most tsunamis, about 80 percent, happen within the Pacific Ocean’s “Ring of Fire,” a geologically active area where tectonic shifts make volcanoes and earthquakes common.

2. Australia

3. Japan

4. Indonesia

5. L.A (Los angles)

6. Peru

7. Papa New Guinea

8. Russia (Kuril Islands)

9. Philippines

10. Chile

How it forms:

A tsunami can be generated by any disturbance that displaces a large water mass from its “stabilized” position. In the case of earthquake-generated tsunamis, the water column is disturbed by the uplift or subsidence of the sea floor. Submarine landslides, which often accompany large earthquakes, as well as collapses of volcanic eruption, can also disturb the overlying water column as sediment and rock slump down slope and are redistributed across the sea floor. Similarly, a violent submarine volcanic eruption can create an impulsive force that uplifts the water column and generates a tsunami. Super marine landslides and cosmic-body impacts disturb the water from above, as momentum from falling debris is transferred to the water into which the debris falls. Generally speaking, tsunamis generated from these mechanisms. Large vertical movements of the earth's crust can occur at plate boundaries. Plates interact along these boundaries called faults.

Conclusion:

In conclusion I believe that these masses of destruction create a hazard for living, If we as humans would follow the instructions that are given to us, we can prevent thousands of deaths, and as we develop so dose our technology, this technology in the future just could save us from death (because of tsunamis.) There are already man areas that are jeopardized and in need of our help these are countries like Japan, Australia, Papa New Guinea and Chile. These are places we can predict earthquakes, people in these countries need help when these earthquakes hit because the hit hard, for example in Chile the earthquake had 9.5 mag. We need to be more aware of when earthquakes are going to hit, to save lives.

MLA Bibliography

1. "Occurrences of Tsunamis in the Pacific Ocean." 19 June 2009. Web. 24 Feb. 2011. .

2. Wikipedia. "Tsunami." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. 12 Mar. 2004. Web. 24 Feb. 2011. .

3. "How Are Tsunamis Formed?" Oracle. 7 Nov. 2003. Web. 24 Feb. 2011. .

4. "What Is a Tsunami?" Windows to the Universe. 15 May 2006. Web. 24 Feb. 2011. .